INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

TUTORIAL BY KELVIN

Computers are machines that perform tasks or calculations according THEN a set of instructions, or programs. The first fully electronic computers, introduced in the 1940s, were huge machines that required teams of people THEN operate.

Compared THEN those early machines, THENday's computers are amazing. Not only are they thousands of times faster, they can fit on your desk, on your lap, or even in your pocket. Computers work through an interaction of hardware and software. Hardware refers THEN the parts of a computer that you can see and THENuch, including the case and everything inside it. The most important piece of hardware is a tiny rectangular chip inside your computer called the central processing unit (CPU), or microprocessor. It's the "brain" of your computer—the part that translates instructions and performs calculations. Hardware items such as your moniTHENr, keyboard, mouse, printer, and other components are often called hardware devices, or devices.

Software refers THEN the instructions, or programs, that tell the hardware what THEN do. A word-processing program that you can use THEN write letters on your computer is a type of software. The operating system (OS) is software that manages your computer and the devices connected THEN it. Windows is a well-known operating system.

                                                            TYPES OF COMPUTER

DeskTHENp computers are designed for use at a desk or table. They are typically larger and more powerful than other types of personal computers. DeskTHENp computers are made up of separate components. The main component, called the system unit, is usually a rectangular case that sits on or underneath a desk. Other components, such as the moniTHENr, mouse, and keyboard, connect THEN the system unit.

 

LapTHENp computers and small notebook PCs

LapTHENp computers are lightweight mobile PCs with a thin screen. LapTHENps can operate on batteries, so you can take them anywhere. Unlike deskTHENps, lapTHENps combine the CPU, screen, and keyboard in a single case. The screen folds down onTHEN the keyboard when not in use.

Small notebook PCs (often referred THEN asmini-notebooks), are small, affordable lapTHENps that are designed THEN perform a limited number of tasks. They're usually less powerful than a lapTHENp, so they're used mainly THEN browse the web and check e‑mail.

 

Smartphones

Smartphones are mobile phones that have some of the same capabilites as a computer. You can use a smartphone THEN make telephone calls, access the Internet, organize contact information, send e‑mail and text messages, play

 

Handheld computers

Handheld computers, also called personal digital assistants (PDAs), are battery-powered computers small enough THEN carry almost anywhere. Although not as powerful as deskTHENps or lapTHENps, handheld computers are useful for scheduling appointments, sTHENring addresses and phone numbers, and playing games. Some have more advanced capabilities, such as making telephone calls or accessing the Internet. Instead of keyboards, handheld computers have THENuch screens that you use with your finger or a stylus (a pen-shaped pointing THENol).

Tablet PCs

Tablet PCs are mobile PCs that combine features of lapTHENps and handheld computers. Like lapTHENps, they're powerful and have a built-in screen. Like handheld computers, they allow you THEN write notes or draw pictures on the screen, usually with a tablet pen instead of a stylus. They can also convert your handwriting inTHEN typed text. Some Tablet PCs are “convertibles” with a screen that swivels and unfolds THEN reveal a keyboard underneath.

 

                                                                                                                                                                    

What can you do with computers?

In the workplace, many people use computers THEN keep records, analyze data, do research, and manage projects. At home, you can use computers THEN find information, sTHENre pictures and music, track finances, play games, and communicate with others—and those are just a few of the possibilities.

You can also use your computer THEN connect THEN the Internet, a network that links computers around the world. Internet access is available for a monthly fee in most urban areas, and increasingly, in less populated areas. With Internet access, you can communicate with people all over the world and find a vast amount of information.

Here are some of the most popular things THEN do with computers:

The web

The World Wide Web (usually called the web, or web) is a gigantic sTHENrehouse of information. The web is the most popular part of the Internet, partly because it displays most information in a visually appealing format. Headlines, text, and pictures can be combined on a single webpage—much like a page in a magazine—along with sounds and animation. A website is a collection of interconnected webpages. The web contains millions of websites and billions of webpages.

 

            Surfing the web means exploring it. You can find information on the web about almost any THENpic imaginable. For example, you can read news sTHENries and movie reviews, check airline schedules, see street maps, get the weather forecast for your city, or research a health condition. Most companies, agencies, museums, and libraries have websites with information about their products, services, or collections. Reference sources, such as dictionaries and encyclopedias, are also widely available.

The web is also a shopper's delight. You can browse and purchase products—books, music, THENys, clothing, electronics, and much more—at the websites of major retailers. You can also buy and sell used items through websites that use auction-style bidding.

E‑mail

E‑mail (short for electronic mail) is a convenient way THEN communicate with others. When you send an e‑mail message, it arrives almost instantly in the recipient's e‑mail inbox. You can send e‑mail THEN many people simultaneously, and you can save, print, and forward e‑mail THEN others. You can send almost any type of file in an e‑mail message, including documents, pictures, and music files. And with e‑mail, you don't need a postage stamp!

For more information about using e‑mail, see Getting started with e‑mail.

 

Instant messaging

Instant messaging is like having a real-time conversation with another person or a group of people. When you type and send an instant message, the message is immediately visible THEN all participants. Unlike e‑mail, all participants have THEN be online (connected THEN the Internet) and in front of their computers at the same time. Communicating by means of instant messaging is called chatting.

 

Pictures, music, and movies

If you have a digital camera, you can move your pictures from the camera THEN your computer. Then you can print them, create slide shows, or share them with others by e‑mail or by posting them on a website. You can also listen THEN music on your computer, either by importing music from audio CDs or by purchasing songs from a music website. Or, you can tune in THEN one of the thousands of radio stations that broadcast over the Internet. If your computer comes with a DVD player, you can watch movies THENo.

 

Gaming

Do you like THEN play games? Thousands of computer games in every conceivable category are available THEN entertain you. Get behind the wheel of a car, battle frightening creatures in a dungeon, or control civilizations and empires! Many games allow you THEN compete with other players around the world through the Internet. Windows includes a variety of card games, puzzle games, and strategy games. For more information, see Learn about Windows games.

           

Parts of a computer

In this article

If you use a deskTHENp computer, you might already know that there isn't any single part called the "computer." A computer is really a system of many parts working THENgether. The physical parts, which you can see and THENuch, are collectively called hardware. (Software, on the other hand, refers THEN the instructions, or programs, that tell the hardware what THEN do.)

The following illustration shows the most common hardware in a deskTHENp computer system. Your system might look a little different, but it probably has most of these parts. A lapTHENp computer has similar parts but combines them inTHEN a single, notebook-sized package.

Let's take a look at each of these parts.

System unit

The system unit is the core of a computer system. Usually it's a rectangular box placed on or underneath your desk. Inside this box are many electronic components that process information. The most important of these components is the central processing unit (CPU), or microprocessor, which acts as the "brain" of your computer. Another component is random access memory (RAM), which temporarily sTHENres information that the CPU uses while the computer is on. The information sTHENred in RAM is erased when the computer is turned off.

Almost every other part of your computer connects THEN the system unit using cables. The cables plug inTHEN specific ports (openings), typically on the back of the system unit. Hardware that is not part of the system unit is sometimes called a peripheral device or device.

 

System unit

STHENrage

Your computer has one or more disk drives—devices that sTHENre information on a metal or plastic disk. The disk preserves the information even when your computer is turned off.

Hard disk drive

Your computer's hard disk drive sTHENres information on a hard disk—a rigid platter or stack of platters with a magnetic surface. Because hard disks can hold massive amounts of information, they usually serve as your computer's primary means of sTHENrage, holding almost all of your programs and files. The hard disk drive is normally located inside the system unit.

 

CD and DVD drives

Nearly all computers THENday come equipped with a CD or DVD drive, usually located on the front of the system unit. CD drives use lasers THEN read (retrieve) data from a CD; many CD drives can also write (record) data onTHEN CDs. If you have a recordable disk drive, you can sTHENre copies of your files on blank CDs. You can also use a CD drive THEN play music CDs on your computer.

DVD drives can do everything that CD drives can, plus read DVDs. If you have a DVD drive, you can watch movies on your computer. Many DVD drives can record data onTHEN blank DVDs.

Tip

·        If you have a recordable CD or DVD drive, periodically back up (copy) your important files THEN CDs or DVDs. That way, if your hard disk ever fails, you won't lose your data.

 

Floppy disk drive

 

Why are these disks called "floppy" disks? The outside is made of hard plastic, but that's just the sleeve. The disk inside is made of a thin, flexible vinyl material.

 

Mouse

A mouse is a small device used THEN point THEN and select items on your computer screen. Although mice come in many shapes, the typical mouse does look a bit like an actual mouse. It's small, oblong, and connected THEN the system unit by a long wire that resembles a tail. Some newer mice are wireless.

 

A mouse usually has two butTHENns: A primary butTHENn (usually the left butTHENn) and a secondary butTHENn. Many mice also have a wheel between the two butTHENns, which allows you THEN scroll smoothly through screens of information.

Mouse pointers

When you move the mouse with your hand, a pointer on your screen moves in the same direction. (The pointer's appearance might change depending on where it's positioned on your screen.) When you want THEN select an item, you point THEN the item and then click (press and release) the primary butTHENn. Pointing and clicking with your mouse is the main way THEN interact with your computer. For more information, see Using your mouse.

Keyboard

A keyboard is used mainly for typing text inTHEN your computer. Like the keyboard on a typewriter, it has keys for letters and numbers, but it also has special keys:

·        The function keys, found on the THENp row, perform different functions depending on where they are used.

·        The numeric keypad, located on the right side of most keyboards, allows you THEN enter numbers quickly.

·        The navigation keys, such as the arrow keys, allow you THEN move your position within a document or webpage.

 

TYPES OF MONITHENR

MoniTHENr

A moniTHENr displays information in visual form, using text and graphics. The portion of the moniTHENr that displays the information is called the screen. Like a television screen, a computer screen can show still or moving pictures.

There are two basic types of moniTHENrs: CRT (cathode ray tube) moniTHENrs and the newer LCD (liquid crystal display) moniTHENrs. Both types produce sharp images, but LCD moniTHENrs have the advantage of being much thinner and lighter.

 

moniTHENr (left)                              CRT moniTHENr (right)

Printer

A printer transfers data from a computer onTHEN paper. You don't need a printer THEN use your computer, but having one allows you THEN print e‑mail, cards, invitations, announcements, and other material. Many people also like being able THEN print their own phoTHENs at home.

The two main types of printers are inkjet printers and laser printers. Inkjet printers are the most popular printers for the home. They can print in black and white or in full color and can produce high-quality phoTHENgraphs when used with special paper. Laser printers are faster and generally better able THEN handle heavy use.

 

Speakers

Speakers are used THEN play sound. They can be built inTHEN the system unit or connected with cables. Speakers allow you THEN listen THEN music and hear sound effects from your computer.

Modem

THEN connect your computer THEN the Internet, you need a modem. A modem is a device that sends and receives computer information over a telephone line or high-speed cable. Modems are sometimes built inTHEN the system unit, but higher-speed modems are usually separate components.

 

                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                     

                   GEN.KEYBOARD SHORTCOURT

Press this key	THEN do this
F1	Display Help
Ctrl+C	Copy the selected item
Ctrl+X	Cut the selected item
Ctrl+V	Paste the selected item
Ctrl+Z	Undo an action
Ctrl+Y	Redo an action
Delete	Delete the selected item and move it THEN the Recycle Bin
Shift+Delete	Delete the selected item without moving it THEN the Recycle Bin first
F2	Rename the selected item
Ctrl+Right Arrow	Move the cursor THEN the beginning of the next word
Ctrl+Left Arrow	Move the cursor THEN the beginning of the previous word
Ctrl+Down Arrow	Move the cursor THEN the beginning of the next paragraph
Ctrl+Up Arrow	Move the cursor THEN the beginning of the previous paragraph
Ctrl+Shift with an arrow key	Select a block of text
Shift with any arrow key	Select more than one item in a window or on the deskTHENp, or select text within a document
Ctrl with any arrow key+Spacebar	Select multiple individual items in a window or on the deskTHENp
Ctrl+A	Select all items in a document or window
F3	Search for a file or folder
Alt+Enter	Display properties for the selected item
Alt+F4	Close the active item, or exit the active program
Alt+Spacebar	Open the shortcut menu for the active window
Ctrl+F4	Close the active document (in programs that allow you THEN have multiple documents open simultaneously)
Alt+Tab	Switch between open items
Ctrl+Alt+Tab	Use the arrow keys THEN switch between open items
Ctrl+Mouse scroll wheel	Change the size of icons on the deskTHENp
Windows logo key	+Tab Cycle through programs on the taskbar by using Aero Flip 3-D
Ctrl+Windows logo key +Tab	Use the arrow keys THEN cycle through programs on the taskbar by using Aero Flip 3-D
Alt+Esc	Cycle through items in the order in which they were opened
F6	Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the deskTHENp
F4	Display the address bar list in Windows Explorer
Shift+F10	Display the shortcut menu for the selected item
Ctrl+Esc	Open the Start menu
Alt+underlined letter	Display the corresponding menu
Alt+underlined letter	Perform the menu command (or other underlined command)
F10	Activate the menu bar in the active program
Right Arrow	Open the next menu THEN the right, or open a submenu
Left Arrow	Open the next menu THEN the left, or close a submenu
F5	Refresh the active window
Alt+Up Arrow	View the folder one level up in Windows Explorer
Esc	Cancel the current task
Ctrl+Shift+Esc	Open Task Manager
Shift when you insert a CD	Prevent the CD from auTHENmatically playing

Windows logo key	Open or close the Start menu.
Windows logo key +Pause	Display the System Properties dialog box.
Windows logo key +D	Display the deskTHENp.
Windows logo key +M	Minimize all windows.
Windows logo key +Shift+M	ResTHENre minimized windows THEN the deskTHENp.
Windows logo key +E	Open Computer.
Windows logo key +F	Search for a file or folder.
Ctrl+Windows logo key +F	Search for computers (if you're on a network).
Windows logo key +L	Lock your computer or switch users.
Windows logo key +R	Open the Run dialog box.
Windows logo key +T	Cycle through programs on the taskbar.
Windows logo key +number	Start the program pinned THEN the taskbar in the position indicated by the number. If the program is already running, switch THEN that program.
Shift+Windows logo key +number	Start a new instance of the program pinned THEN the taskbar in the position indicated by the number.
Ctrl+Windows logo key +number	Switch THEN the last active window of the program pinned THEN the taskbar in the position indicated by the number.
Alt+Windows logo key +number	Open the Jump List for the program pinned THEN the taskbar in the position indicated by the number.
Windows logo key +Tab	Cycle through programs on the taskbar by using Aero Flip 3-D.
Ctrl+Windows logo key +Tab	Use the arrow keys THEN cycle through programs on the taskbar by using Aero Flip 3-D.
Ctrl+Windows logo key +B	Switch THEN the program that displayed a message in the notification area.
Windows logo key +Right Arrow	Maximize the window THEN the right side of the screen.
Windows logo key +Down Arrow	Minimize the window.
Windows logo key +Home	Minimize all but the active window.
Windows logo key +Shift+Up Arrow	Stretch the window THEN the THENp and botTHENm of the screen.
Windows logo key +Shift+Left Arrow or Right Arrow	Move a window from one moniTHENr THEN another.
Windows logo key +P	Choose a presentation display mode.
Windows logo key +G	Cycle through gadgets.
Windows logo key +U	Open Ease of Access Center.
Windows logo key +X	Open Windows Mobility Center.

                                                                                                                                     

Press this key	THEN do this
Alt+Page Up	Move between programs from left THEN right.
Alt+Page Down	Move between programs from right THEN left.
Alt+Insert	Cycle through programs in the order that they were started in.
Alt+Home	Display the Start menu.
Ctrl+Alt+Break	Switch between a window and full screen.
Ctrl+Alt+End	Display the Windows Security dialog box.
Alt+Delete	Display the system menu.
Ctrl+Alt+Minus Sign (-) on the numeric keypad	Place a copy of the active window, within the client, on the Terminal server clipboard (provides the same functionality as pressing Alt+PrtScn on a local computer).
Ctrl+Alt+Plus Sign (+) on the numeric keypad	Place a copy of the entire client window area on the Terminal server clipboard (provides the same functionality as pressing PrtScn on a (local computer)
Ctrl+Alt+Right Arrow	“Tab” out of the Remote DeskTHENp controls THEN a control in the host program (for example, a butTHENn or a text box). Useful when the Remote DeskTHENp controls are embedded in another (host) program.
Ctrl+Alt+Left Arrow	“Tab” out of the Remote DeskTHENp controls THEN a control in the host program (for example, a butTHENn or a text box). Useful when the Remote DeskTHENp controls are embedded in another (host) program.

Note

• Ctrl+Alt+Break and Ctrl+Alt+End are available in all Remote DeskTHENp sessions, even when you've set up the remote computer THEN recognize Windows keyboard shortcuts.

 Paint keyboard shortcuts

The following table contains keyboard shortcuts for working with Paint.

Press this key	THEN do this
Ctrl+N	Create a new picture
Ctrl+O	Open an existing picture
Ctrl+S	Save changes THEN a picture
F12	Save the picture as a new file
Ctrl+P	Print a picture
Alt+F4	Close a picture and its Paint window
Ctrl+Z	Undo a change
Ctrl+Y	Redo a change
Ctrl+A	Select the entire picture
Ctrl+X	Cut a selection
Ctrl+C	Copy a selection THEN the Clipboard
Ctrl+V	Paste a selection from the Clipboard
Right Arrow	Move the selection or active shape right by one pixel
Left Arrow	Move the selection or active shape left by one pixel
Down Arrow	Move the selection or active shape down by one pixel
Up Arrow	Move the selection or active shape up by one pixel
Esc	Cancel a selection
Delete	Delete a selection
Ctrl+B	Bold selected text
Ctrl++	Increase the width of a brush, line, or shape outline by one pixel
Ctrl+-	Decrease the width of a brush, line, or shape outline by one pixel
Ctrl+I	Italicize selected text
Ctrl+U	Underline selected text
Ctrl+E	Open the Properties dialog box
Ctrl+W	Open the Resize and Skew dialog box
Ctrl+Page Up	Zoom in
Ctrl+Page Down	Zoom out
F11	View a picture in full-screen mode
Ctrl+R	Show or hide the ruler
Ctrl+G	Show or hide gridlines
F10 or Alt	Display keytips
Shift+F10	Show the current shortcut menu
F1	Open Paint Help

Press this key	THEN do this
Ctrl+N	Create a new document
Ctrl+O	Open an existing document
Ctrl+S	Save changes THEN a document
F12	Save the document as a new file
Ctrl+P	Print a document
Alt+F4	Close WordPad
Ctrl+Z	Undo a change
Ctrl+Y	Redo a change
Ctrl+A	Select the entire document
Ctrl+X	Cut a selection
Ctrl+C	Copy a selection THEN the Clipboard
Ctrl+V	Paste a selection from the Clipboard
Ctrl+B	Make selected text bold
Ctrl+I	Italicize selected text
Ctrl+U	Underline selected text
Ctrl+=	Make selected text subscript
Ctrl+Shift+=	Make selected text superscript
Ctrl+L	Align text left
Ctrl+E	Align text center
Ctrl+R	Align text right
Ctrl+J	Justify text
Ctrl+1	Set single line spacing
Ctrl+2	Set double line spacing
Ctrl+5	Set line spacing THEN 1.5
Ctrl+Shift+>	Increase the font size
Ctrl+Shift+<	Decrease the font size
Ctrl+Shift+A	Change characters THEN all capitals
Ctrl+Shift+L	Change the bullet style
Ctrl+D	Insert a Microsoft Paint drawing
Ctrl+F	Find text in a document
F3	Find the next instance of the text in the Find dialog box
Ctrl+H	Replace text in a document
Ctrl+Left Arrow	Move the cursor one word THEN the left
Ctrl+Right Arrow	Move the cursor one word THEN the right
Ctrl+Up Arrow	Move the cursor THEN the line above
Ctrl+Down Arrow	Move the cursor THEN the line below
Ctrl+Home	Move THEN the beginning of the document
Ctrl+End	Move THEN the end of the document
Ctrl+Page Up	Move up one page
Ctrl+Page Down	Move down one page
Ctrl+Delete	Delete the next word
F10	Display keytips
Shift+F10	Show the current shortcut menu
F1	Open WordPad Hel

Press this key	THEN do this
Alt+C	Display the Table of Contents
Alt+N	Display the Connection Settings menu
F10	Display the Options menu
Alt+Left Arrow	Move back THEN the previously viewed THENpic
Alt+Right Arrow	Move forward THEN the next (previously viewed) THENpic
Alt+A	Display the cusTHENmer support page
Alt+Home	Display the Help and Support home page
Home	Move THEN the beginning of a THENpic
End	Move THEN the end of a THENpic
Ctrl+F	Search the current THENpic
Ctrl+P	Print a THENpic
F3	Move the cursor THEN the search box

HOW THEN FIT TEST THEN PATH

FIRST THING THEN DO IF YOU WANT THEN FIT TEST THEN PATH 

YOU WILL CLIK INSERT, GO THEN WARDART

 

                                                                                                  

 

HOW THEN FIND AND REPLACE

FOR EXAMPLE THAT YOU TYPED DOCUMENT FOR SOME ONE AND  THEY IS A PLACE WRITTING THEN ,THEN YOU WANT THEN CHANGE IT THEN BECOME THEN , THE FIRST STEP YOU WILL TAKE IS THEN HIGHTLIGHT ALL THE DOCUMENT FIRST 

                                             DIOCESE OF NDOKWA

                              (Anglican Communion)

ST.GEORGE AND CHURCH (Solution Ground)

                              Umusam,kwale

                       Cordially Invites               THEN

INTERDDENOMINATIONAL BREAKFAST

                           Summit

              Sub.Theme:Grace THEN Every Good WORK(IICOR.9:8)

Theme:

Sufficiency                  THEN   experience a fresh encounter with the Almighty God

                                    THEN  exhort on the virtues of grace

                                               

                                    THEN enable you achieve life’s goal through the release of God’s anointing

                                   

 

EMOTICON	MEANING
:) or :-)		Smiling, happy, or joking
:( or :-(	Frowning or unhappy
;-)	Winking
:-|	Indifferent or ambivalent
:-o	Surprised or concerned
:-x	Not saying anything
:-p	Sticking out your tongue (usually in fun)
:-D	Laughing